Parjanya (parj'anya) is the Hindu deity of rain, often identified with Indra, the "Bull" of the Rigveda, but also associated with Varuna as a deity of clouds and as punishing sinners. Two hymns of the Rigveda, 5.63 and 7.101, are dedicated to Parjanya. In Vedic Sanskrit Parjanya means "rain" or "raincloud". Prayers dedicated to Parjanya, to invoke the blessings of rains are mentioned in the Atharva Veda. Parjanya was also one of the Saptarishi (Seven Great Sages Rishi) in the fifth Manvantara. He is one of the 12 Adityas and according to the Vishnu Purana, the guardian of the month of Kartik, a Gandharva and a Rishi in the Harivamsa. The name may be cognate with Lithuanian Perkunas "god of thunder", Gothic fairguni "mountain", Mordvin language Pur'ginepaz, see Perkwunos.
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