"MATI SYRA ZEMLA" OR "MATKA", FOR SHORT, IS THE SLAVIC GODDESS OF THE EARTH. HER NAME TRANSLATES TO "MOIST MOTHER EARTH", AND DESCRIBES HER AS A FOREVER FERTILE, LIFE-GIVING FORCE. SHE IS NOT SEEN IN HUMAN FORM BUT AS THE EARTH ITSELF...ALTHOUGH IT IS BELIEVED THAT AT CERTAIN TIMES, SHE WILL TAKE HUMAN FORM. AND WHEN SHE DOES, SHE IS USUALLY PORTRAYED WITH BLACK SKIN WHICH ASSOCIATES HER WITH THE BLACKNESS OF THE FERTILE SOIL. MATKA IS BELIEVED TO BE THE MOST ANCIENT AND POWERFUL OF ALL OF THE EASTERN EUROPEAN DEITIES. IN FACT, MATKA IS SO POWERFUL THAT SHE SURVIVED INTO THE 20TH CENTURY DESPITE ALL ATTEMPTS OF THE CHURCH TO DO AWAY WITH HER.
SHE IS THE MOTHER OF ALL--THE PEOPLE, THE ANIMALS, AND ALL OF THE PLANTS OF THE EARTH. THE SLAVIC PEOPLE HAD A STRONG CONNECTION TO THEIR MOTHER GODDESS AND AN ALTOGETHER DIFFERENT RELATIONSHIP THEY HAD WITH ALL THE OTHER GODS. THEY LOOKED UPON HER WITH A MIXTURE OF LOVE AND ADMIRATION, AND SHE WAS THE ONLY DEITY THEY ADDRESSED PERSONALLY. WHEN THE PEASANT PEOPLE SPOKE OF HER, THEIR EYES WOULD FILL WITH LOVE. THEY CALLED ON HER TO WITNESS PROPERTY DISPUTES AND SWORE BY HER NAME. OATHS AND MARRIAGES WERE CONFIRMED BY SWALLOWING A CLUMP OF EARTH OR HOLDING SOME ON THEIR HEAD WHILE THEY SWEAR AND OATH. HER AID WAS INVOKED DURING EPIDEMICS AND WHILE IN CHILDBIRTH.
MATKA IS ALSO VIEWED AS A CHAMPION OF JUSTICE AND A WISE PROPHETESS WHO ALLOWS HER PETITIONERS TO COME TO HER WITHOUT THE AIDE OF A PRIESTESS OR A SHAMAN. IT WAS SAID THAT SHE HELD ALL THE KNOWLEDGE OF THE WORLD AND WHEN ASKED, WOULD RELEASE THE SIGNS THAT COULD BE INTERPRETED.
WHEN THE SLAVS CONVERTED TO CHRISTIANITY, THE CHURCH ATTEMPTED TO TRANSFORM HER CHARACTERISTICS THE VIRGIN MARY, BUT THIS WAS NOT WHOLLY SUCCESSFUL, FOR DURING TRYING TIMES, THE PEOPLE WOULD REVERT TO THE WORSHIP OF MATKA. HER HOLY DAYS ARE MAY 1ST, JUNE 24TH AND AUGUST 1ST. A RITUAL TO HER TOOK PLACE ON THE FIELDS IN AUGUST. AT THIS TIME, A LIBATION OF HEMP OIL WAS POURED OUT ONTO THE FOUR DIRECTIONS...ACCOMPANIED BY A PRAYER FOR PROTECTION AGAINST THE DESTRUCTIVE FORCES OF NATURE.
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"INARI" IS AN ANCIENT JAPANESE GODDESS OF NOURISHMENT; HER FIRST PLACE OF WORSHIP WAS INARI MOUNTAIN. IANARI IS A MYSTERIOUS GODDESS BECAUSE AT DIFFERENT TIMES SHE HAS BEEN DEPICTED AS A MALE AND OTHER TIMES AS A FEMALE. IN FACT, SHE WAS ORIGINALLY GENDERLESS, BUT AS TIME WENT ON, HER FOLLOWERS BEGAN TO ASSOCIATE HER WITH THE FEMALE BECAUSE OF HER STATUS AS A FERTILITY GODDESS, AND LATER, THE BUDDHIST TRADITION MADE HER INTO A MALE DEITY.
AS A FEMALE, SHE APPEARS AS A BEAUTIFUL YOUNG WOMAN WITH LONG FLOWING HAIR. SHE IS USUALLY ACCOMPANIED BY A WHITE FOX. SHE USUALLY HOLDS ONE OR MORE OF THE FOLLOWING IN HER HANDS: SHEAF OF RICE, SICKLE, SWORD, OR A JEWEL. SHE IS A MAIDEN IN THE SPRING WITH THE PLANTING OF THE RICE; SUMMER SEES HER AS THE MOTHER NURTURING HER GROWING GRAIN, AND WITH THE HARVEST IN THE FALL, SHE BECOMES THE CRONE. AS A GOD, INARI IS REPRESENTED BY AN OLD MAN WITH A BEARD.
INARI IS CONNECTED WITH MANY THINGS. SHE IS THE PROTECTOR OF TRADE, COMMERCE, AND RICE...AS WELL AS A HEALING GODDESS. SHE IS THE "KAMI "OF LUCK AND TRANSFORMATION AND HAS ALSO BEEN KNOWN TO GRANT WISHES AND DESIRES. INARI HAS RESPONSIBILITY OVER BOTH REAL AND SPIRIT FOXES, AND IT IS SAID THAT THE WHITE FOX WHO ALWAYS APPEARS WITH HER IS A MESSENGER; INARI HAS ALSO BEEN KNOWN TO SHAPECHANGE INTO A FOX.
A SHRINE TO INARI CAN BE FOUND IN MANY JAPANESE TOWNS AND HOUSEHOLDS. NOT ONLY DOES EACH SHRINE HAVE A FOXHOLE, BUT THESE SHRINES ARE ALSO GUARDED BY STATUES OF FOXES...DIVINE MESSENGERS FROM INARI.
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YAMBE-AKKA is the Sami Goddess of the underworld. She is represented as an old crone, and the trembling of her hands is what causes earthquakes. Yambe-akka shepherds the souls of the dead to the underworld. She is featured in Philip Pullman's "His Dark Materials" series as a Goddess of death of witches, who brings joy along with death. Yambe-akka's name, which means "old woman of the dead," is also seen as YABME-AKKA, JABME-AKKA, JAMEAKKA, JABMEKS, JABMI-AKKO, or JAMI-AJMO-OLLMAJ.
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