The Roman goddess of wisdom, medicine, the arts, dyeing, science and trade, but also of war. As Minerva Medica she is the patroness of physicians. She is the daughter of Jupiter. In the temple on the Capitoline Hill she was worshipped together with Jupiter and Juno, with whom she formed a powerful triad of gods. Another temple of her was located on the Aventine Hill. The church of Santa Maria sopra Minerva is built on one of her temples. Every year from March 19th - 23rd the Quinquatria was held, the primary Minerva Festival. This festival was mainly celebrated by artisans but also by students. On June 13th the minor Quinquatrus was observed.
Minerva is believed to be the inventor of numbers and musical instruments. She is thought to be of Etruscan origin, as the goddess Menrva or Menerva. Later she was equated with the Greek Athena.
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The goddess Hekate was one of the most significant dieties of the ancient world. Her history stretches back across the millenia. We find traces of her in the recent past, through into the Renaissance - stretching back through the Byzantine and Roman Empires, Hellenistic, Classical and Archaic Greece through into the Greek Dark Ages - and beyond. Hekate has been with us for at least three thousand years.
She was a liminal goddess who was present at all the boundaries and transitional moments in life. She was also an 'evil-averting' protector and guide. Her triple form emphasized her power over the three realms, these being the heavens, sea, and earth. Her primal nature was seen in the many animal heads she was depicted with, each emphasising different qualities of her manifold character.
Some of her well known titles include:
* "- earthy one
* "- torch bearer
* "- of the ways
* "- key bearer
* "- child's nurse
* "- light bearer
* "- companion
* "- before the gate
* "- savior
* "- three bodied
* "- of the three ways
Symbols, herbs stones and other correspondences associated with Hekate:
* ANIMALS" ewe lambs, Boar, Bull, Cock, Cow, Dogs, Fish, Goats, Horses, Lions, Mice, Mullet (fish), Polecat, Rams, Serpents, Wolf
* COLORS", Red, White, Yellow
* MINERALS", Gold, Loadstone, Meteorite, "* PLANTS AND HERBS", Belladonna, Garlic, Aconite, Onion, Poppy, Saffron, Grain,
* TREES", Oak (leaves), Willow, "* FOOD", Honey, Amphiphon "(a cheesecake with lighted candles stuck into it)
* SYMBOLS", Keys, Horned Crescent, Pegasus, New Moon, Three-Way Crossroads, Trident, Twin "Sources: Keys to the Crossroads and Hekate Liminal Rites by Sorita E'Este
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An Ishta-deva or Ishta devata (Sanskrit ia-deva, literally "cherished divinity" from ia "desired, liked, cherished" and devata "godhead, divinity, tutelary deity" or deva "deity") is a term denoting a worshipper's favourite deity. It is especially significant to both the Smarta and Bhakti schools wherein practitioners choose to worship the form of God which inspires them the most. Within Smartism, one of five chief deities are selected. Even in denominations that focus on a singular concept of God, such as Vaishnavism, the istha deva concept exists. For example, in Vaishnavism, special focus is given to a particular form of Vishnu or one of his avatars, and similarly within Shaktism, focus is given to a particular form of the Goddess such as Parvati or Lakshmi. The Swaminarayan sect of Vaishnavism has a similar concept, but notably differ from practically all Vaishnavite schools in holding that Vishnu and Shiva are different aspects of the same God.
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Geb was the Egyptian god of the Earth and a member of the Ennead of Heliopolis. The name was pronounced as such from the Greek period onward, (formerly erroneously read as Seb (cf. E.A. Wallis Budge, The Gods of the Egyptians. Studies in Egyptian Mythology or as Keb. The original Egyptian was "Gebeb"/"Kebeb", meaning probably: 'weak one', perhaps:'lame one'. It was spelled with either initial -g-, or with -k-point. The latter initial root consonant occurs once in the Middle Kingdom Coffin Texts, more often in 21st Dynasty mythological papyri as well as in a text from the Ptolemaic tomb of Petosiris at Tuna el-Gebel or was written with initial hard -k-, as e.g. in a 30th Dynasty papyrus text in the Brooklyn Museum dealing with descriptions of and remedies against snakes and their bites.
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