"RENENET" (RENENUTET, ERNUTET) IS THE EGYPTIAN COBRA GODDESS. SHE IS A VERY POWERFUL GODDESS WHOSE GAZE IS THOUGHT TO HAVE THE POWER TO VANQUISH ALL OF HER ENEMIES. SOMETIMES WE FIND HER DEPICTED AS A WOMAN; OTHER TIMES AS A COBRA WITH A WOMAN'S BODY...WEARING A PLUMED HEADDRESS. IN THE UNDERWORLD, SHE IS VIEWED AS A FEARSOME, FIRE-BREATHING COBRA WITH THE POWER TO KILL WITH ONLY ONE GAZE. HOWEVER, AS FRIGHTENING AND DANGEROUS AS RENENET MAY SEEM, THE ANCIENT EGYPTIANS DID NOT HAVE ANY FEAR OF HER FOR SHE OFFERED THEM PROTECTION IN MANY SO AREAS OF THEIR LIVES.
TO BEGIN WITH, NAMES WERE VERY IMPORTANT TO THE ANCIENT EGYPTIANS; NAMES WERE ACTUALLY CONSIDERED TO BE WORDS OF GREAT POWER. THE NAME, RENENET, SEEMS TO HAVE THE MEANING OF "'NURTURING OR RAISING A CHILD'"; HENCE, IT IS SHE WHO WATCHES OVER BOTH THE INFANTS AND THE CHILDREN...AFTER GIFTING THE NEWBORNS WITH A SECRET NAME WHICH WILL GRANT THEM STRENGTH AND PROTECT THEM FROM HARM. SHE PROTECTS THE CHILDREN FROM CURSES.
RENENET ALSO HAS THE REPUTATION OF BEING THE "GODDESS OF PLENTY." ANCIENT TALES SAY THAT SNAKES COULD OFTEN BE SEEN IN THE FIELDS WHENEVER HARVEST TIME CAME AROUND...HUNTING THE RODENTS WHO THREATENED THE CROPS..AND IT WAS SAID THAT IT WAS RENENET WHO BROUGHT THEM. SHE CALLED "THE LADY OF THE FERTILE FIELDS" AND "THE GODDESS OF THE GRANARY". SHE WAS SO IMPORTANT TO THE ANCIENT EGYPTIANS THAT AMENEMHET III AND AMENEMHET IV BOTH DEDICATED A TEMPLE TO HER. AND IN THIS TEMPLE, THEY HELD AN ANNUAL HARVEST FESTIVAL IN HER HONOR; THE MOST QUALITY PRODUCE WAS DEDICATED TO HER AT THIS TIME. AND, THROUGHOUT EGYPT, SHRINES WERE BUILT TO HER WHEREVER WINE WAS BREWED.
From the earliest of times, Renenet was believed to be the protectress of the Pharoahs when they entered the Underworld by imbuing his clothing with the power to repel his enemies. By the time of the New Kingdom, Her powers were extended to the mummification ritual during which She imbued magical properties into the linen bandages that wrapped the dead...They called Her "The Mistress of the Robes."
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I'm going to Rome in a couple of weeks, and I'm really looking forward to seeing some of the temple ruins. I've tracked down the remains of temples of Minerva, Juno, Venus, and (my personal favorite) Vesta, and can't wait to see them!
VENUS is the Roman Goddess of spring, love, and sexual attraction. She seems to have been a minor deity at first, more associated with the fertility of plants and gardens than with people, until she became identified with the Greek Goddess Aphrodite. This gained her considerable worship, since Aphrodite (and therefore Venus) was the mother of Aeneas, the Trojan prince who left after the sack of Troy to found Rome. Julius Caesar named her as his ancestor, and built a temple to VENUS GENETRIX (the mother).
Epithets for Venus include:
VENUS ACIDALIA (from the well Acidalius in which she used to bathe)
VENUS ACRAEA (from the town Acra in Cyprus)
VENUS ALIGENA (sea-born)
VENUS ALITTA (a name used by the Arabians)
VENUS AMATHUSIA (from the town Amathus in Cyprus)
VENUS AMICA (the friend)
VENUS ANADYOMENE (emerging from the sea)
VENUS ANAITIS (a named used by the Armenians)
VENUS ANDROPHONOS (man killer)
VENUS ANOSIA (cruel)
VENUS APATURIA (skilled in the arts of deception)
VENUS APHACITE (from the town of Aphaca)
VENUS APHRODITA (born from the foam of the sea)
VENUS APOSTROPHIA (the preserver)
VENUS APPIAS (from a temple on the Appian Road at Rome)
VENUS ARCHITIS (spiritual)
VENUS AREA (armed)
VENUS ARGYNNIS (from a temple in honor or Argynnus)
VENUS ARMATA (armed)
VENUS ARTIMPASA (celestial)
VENUS ASTARTE (identifying her with the Goddess Astarte)
VENUS AUREA (golden)
VENUS BARBATA (hairy, because she restored women's hair after illness)
VENUS BASILEA (queen)
VENUS BASILISSA (empress)
VENUS CAELESTIS (celestial)
VENUS CALVA (bald, from women cutting off their hair to make bowstrings for their husbands)
VENUS CANDARENA (from the town Candara)
VENUS CASTNIA (indecent)
VENUS CLOACINA (the purifier)
VENUS CNIDIA (from the town Cnidus)
VENUS COLAENA (from the town Colae)
VENUS COLIAS (from Mount Colias)
VENUS CYPRIA (from the island of Cyprus)
VENUS CYTHEREA (from the island of Cythera)
VENUS DERCETO (of prostitutes)
VENUS DESPOINA (queen)
VENUS DEXICREONTIC (from a merchant named Dexicreontus who erected a statue to her)
VENUS DIONEA (from her possible mother Dione)
VENUS DIVARICATRIX (with spread legs)
VENUS DORITIDE (propitiated by gifts)
VENUS ELEPHANTINE (from the town Elephantis)
VENUS ELICOPIS (having beautiful eyes)
VENUS EPIPONTIA (born from the sea)
VENUS EPITRAGIA (seated on a goat)
VENUS ERYCINA (from Mount Eryx in Sicily)
VENUS ETAIRA (mistress)
VENUS EUPLEA (of good navigation)
VENUS EXOPOLIS (from her statue being outside the walls of the city)
VENUS FELIX (favorable)
VENUS FISICA (related to nature)
VENUS FRIGA (a name used by Saxons, identifying her with the Goddess Frigg)
VENUS FRUGI (honest or frugal)
VENUS FRUTIS (forceful)
VENUS GOLGIA (from the town Golgos)
VENUS HIPPOLYTEIA
VENUS HORTENSIS (worshipped in gardens)
VENUS HOSPITA (a name used by Phoenicians)
VENUS IDALIA (from the town Idalium)
VENUS IONA (for her sacred dove)
VENUS IOVIA (with the will of Jove)
VENUS JUNONIA (associated with the Goddess^A Juno)
VENUS KALLIPYGOS (with the pretty buttocks)
VENUS LIBENTINA (moving beyond childhood)
VENUS LIBITINA (from her presiding over sepulchres)
VENUS LIMNESIA (born from the sea)
VENUS MAGADA (a name used by the Huns and Wends)
VENUS MARINA (born from the sea)
VENUS MARTIALIS (war-like)
VENUS MARZANA (a name used by the Sarmatians)
VENUS MASCULA (bold)
VENUS MECHANITES (contriver)
VENUS MEFITIS (of foul odors)
VENUS MELISSA
VENUS MITHRAS (identified with the God Mithras as the morning-star)
VENUS MORPHO (shapely)
VENUS MUCHEIA (of houses of ill-repute)
VENUS MYLITTA (a name used by the Assyrians)
VENUS MYRTEA (the myrtle tree)
VENUS NANEA (a named used by the Persians)
VENUS NEPHTHE (associated with the Goddess Nephthys)
VENUS NICOPHORE (bringing victory)
VENUS OBSEQUENS (indulgent)
VENUS ONTAVA
VENUS PANDEMIA (of all the people)
VENUS PAPHIA (from the town Paphos)
VENUS PELAGIA (sea-born)
VENUS PERIBASIA (walking about)
VENUS PHILA (amiable)
VENUS PHILOMMEIDES (laughter-loving)
VENUS PLAGIARIA (seductive)
VENUS POMPEIANA (from Pompeii)
VENUS PONTOGENIA (sea-born)
VENUS PRAXIS (from a temple at Megara)
VENUS PSITHYROS (the whisperer)
VENUS PUDICA (modest)
VENUS PYRENAEA (from the Pyrenees)
VENUS PYTHONICA (from a temple built in honor of Pythonice)
VENUS SALIGENIA (sea-born)
VENUS SCOTIA (of darkness)
VENUS SPECULATRIX (the spectator)
VENUS STRIPPASA (a name used by the Scythians)
VENUS SYMMACHIA (the auxiliary)
VENUS SYNTROPHUS (companion)
VENUS TALENTE (talented)
VENUS TANAIS (a name used by the Babylonians)
VENUS TELESSIGAMA (presiding over marriages)
VENUS THALASSIA (sea-born)
VENUS TRITONIA (associate with the sea God Triton)
VENUS URANIA (heavenly)
VENUS VERTICORDIA (turning hearts)
VENUS VICTRIX (the victorious)
VENUS VITRIX (forming unions)
VENUS ZEPHYRIA (from the island of Zephyria)
VENUS ZERYNTHIA (from the town Zerynthus)
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JANGULI is the Tibetan Goddess of snakes and poisoning. She is usually depicted as yellow-skinned, with three faces (one blue and one white) and six arms. She carries both snakes and lotus flowers, and her powers can be used to cause or to prevent snakebites. As a yellow form of the Goddess Tara, she is also called JANGULITARA.
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Wind symbolised a mischievous, sometimes violent character. In some myths, the Wind was represented by a wild horse. Even today, Turks describe thoughtless people or horses as being ‘born of the wind’. Because of his restless character, the Wind could not get along with Earth, Water and sometimes the Fire God. When angry, in the winter he sent down snowstorms and in the summer hurricanes, bringing misfortune. Therefore, when running into a hurricane, the Turks spat three times. Some illness-bearing spirits appeared as winds and struck people. If during a hunt, the wind destroyed a tent, the hunt was abandoned, as it would be unsuccessful. The hunters returned later to arrange a small prayer, addressed to the master of the forest or mountain. Western and northern winds were considered ominous. In the autumn they brought bad weather: rain, snow and clouds that covered the sun. In January and February there were some very windy days and these months were called ‘Jil Aiy’, months of wind. The Altai would plea with Umai: “Do not admit malicious spirits nor an evil wind!” The wind was perceived as a 'stroke' from the other world and a breeze was cause for discomfort, as it might prove an ‘envoy of the lower world’. The ancient Turks esteemed the Wind God and in His honour the Turks constructed a temple called ‘Dispersing the Clouds’. The Turks visited this temple before a military campaign and made sacrifices when asking for a victory.
Wind, as one of the elements of nature, creates a situation of change. It not only heralds clouds and storms, but in mythological plots it also brings diseases. Therefore the ‘possession of wind’, a skill to control weather, was one of the characteristics of strong Kams, Yadachi and other sacred persons. Their involvement was required in situations when the elements might cause problems. A light breeze produced by a fan was a part of Tengrian ritual. Blowing a light wind was considered an appeal to the spirits. One of the main movements of a Kam during ceremonies, which involved a tambourine or fan, was spinning around on one’s feet. This movement symbolically represented a whirlwind. The Kam turned clockwise, the same direction taken around sacred birches or fire during a sacrifice. People trusted the Wind God, a force of Nature that gave them energy. At the same time the Turks considered a counter-clockwise whirlwind as being evil. Such a whirlwind could steal the Kut of a man.
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