ERESHKIGAL (pronounced ay-RESH-kee-gal) is the Sumerian Goddess of death and Queen of the Underworld. She is the daughter of Nammu, Goddess of the primordial sea, and Anu, God of the sky, and twin sister of Enki, God of the waters. Shortly after her birth, she was carried off by the dragon Kur to the Underworld, where she became its ruler. She is also said to be the older sister of Inanna, Goddess of love, war, and fertility, and she is mostly known from the myth of Inanna's descent to the Underworld. Ereshkigal's husband Gugalanna, the Bull of Heaven, had been killed after Inanna sent him to punish Gilgamesh, and Inanna went to the Underworld to pay her respects to her sister. Ereshkigal feared that Inanna was actually coming to take over the Underworld, and had her servant remove an article of Inanna's clothing at each of the seven gates that she had to pass through. When she finally arrives naked at the foot of Ereshkigal's throne, Ereshkigal strikes her sister dead and hangs her body from a hook behind her throne.
Another myth of Ereshkigal tells of how she came to have a second husband, Nergal, God of war and plague. Nergal was first sent to the Underworld with a message from the other Gods to Ereshkigal. He was so impressed that he petitioned the Gods to let him visit a second time, and the great God Anu warned him not to eat or drink anything in the Underworld and not to get too close to Ereshkigal. However, Ereshkigal seduced Nergal and they stayed in bed for seven days. Nergal then left the Underworld and returned to the heavens. Heartbroken Ereshkigal threatened to raise the dead until they outnumbered the living if the other Gods would not send Nergal back, and he returned to the Underworld and married her.
Ereshkigal's name, which means "lady of the great earth," is seen as EREC-KIGALA, and she was also known as IRKALLA, which is another name for the Sumerian Underworld.
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HA-PU'U is a Hawaiian dragon Goddess. She was one of the dragon Gods that Mo'o-inanea brought to Hawaii and settled with her on the island of Oahu. Along with the Goddess Hau-ola, she guards the cliff at the end of the Nuuanu Valley. She eventually assumed the form of a large stone, and it was customary to leave lehua flowers on the stone as offerings. Parents also buried the umbilical cords of their children under the stone to protect their babies from evil. The stones were destroyed by a bulldozer in 1953 when a road into the valley was built.
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MARIMBA is the Wakambi Goddess of music. Marimba was known as the most beautiful woman in the world. Her first husband was Zumangwe, The Hunter. When Marimba was commanded by Watamaraka, Goddess of evil, to be one of her handmaidens, she refused, and Watamaraka cursed her, saying that any man who married her would be killed within her presence within three moons of their marriage. Three moons later, Zumangwe was trampled by an elephant while Marimba and their son, Kahawa, watched. When she married again, she kept her husband locked in their house and would not let him go out with the other hunters. After two months of his pleading, she agreed to let him walk in the forest, as long as she went with him. While they were out for their walk, they were attacked by a lion, and her husband was killed. Marimba swore that she would not marry again, but Watamaraka told her that she would indeed, in twelve moons.
Marimba's son Kahawa was out hunting and caught a stranger watching him. He captured the stranger and brought him back to the village. The stranger was from another tribe, and he had a new kind of weapon with him, a bow and arrow. His people, the Masai, were approaching fast, intent on conquering the Wakambi. Marimba took the stranger's bow and fastened a gourd in the middle of it. She had invented the first musical instrument, and then she began to sing. Her people were amazed--no one had ever heard anything like it before.
After peace had been made with the Masai, Marimba was wooed by the former captive, Koma-Tembo. She refused him for ten years, but finally relented and married him. Within three moons, he too was dead, killed while hunting rhinoceros. But a strange thing happened. The more Marimba suffered from misfortunes, the more beautiful the songs she created. She also created more instruments, including flutes and pipes, the xylophone, and drums.
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TARA is the Buddhist Goddess of compassion. She is said to have been born from the tears of Avalokiteshvara, the Lord of the World. He was looking down from heaven at all the people suffering in the world and he wept to see their pain. From his tears there emerged two Goddesses, the peaceful White Tara and the fierce Green Tara. White Tara represents the day and calm serenity; Green Tara represents the night and helpful activity.
Green Tara is depicted seated on a lotus, but with one leg outstretched and ready for action. She holds blue lotuses, symbols of purity, and she is adorned with jewels. She is a savior Goddess, called on by followers to overcome fears and dangers. White Tara also sits on a lotus, but she is at rest. She is often shown with seven eyes--the usual two, one on her forehead, and one on each of her hands and feet. White Tara is called on to help followers overcome obstacles.
Aside from green and white, other forms of Tara are seen as red (associated with magnetism), black (associated with power), yellow (associated with abundance and generosity), or blue (associated with protection). In Tibetan Buddhism, where Tara is most venerated, she has 21 forms in various colors, as follows:
oGreen Tara, the source of all Taras
oThe Tara who averts disasters (white)
oThe Tara who averts earth-born calamities (blue)
oThe Tara who bestows prosperity (yellow)
oThe Tara who fulfills wishes (green)
oThe Tara who bestows longevity (white)
oThe Tara who averts the evil effects of poison (white)
oThe Tara who averts destruction wrought by fire (yellow)
oThe Tara who averts destruction wrought by water (red)
oThe Tara who averts evil caused by wild beasts (blue)
oThe Tara who averts evil affecting cattle (red)
oThe Tara who averts evil caused by demons (blue)
oThe Tara who increases power (red)
oThe Tara who increases wisdom (yellow)
oThe Tara who averts hell-born calamities (red)
oThe Tara who averts destruction caused by wind (white)
oThe Tara who averts evil caused by robbers (blue)
oThe Tara who averts destruction caused by armies (blue)
oThe Tara who averts heaven-born calamities (green)
oThe Tara who subdues demons (blue)
oThe Tara who heals sickness (green)
Tara's name means "to cross over," and other names and epithets for her include:
ARYA TARA
Cittamani Tara
Khadiravani Tara
Nila Tara
Shveta Tara
Sita Tara
Syama Tara
Ugra Tara
Vajra Tara
Tara Amba
Tara Dharani
Tara Utpala
Bhrkuti
Bribsun
Dol Jyang
Ekajati
Hlamo
Janguli
Konjo
Kurukulla
Mamaki
Parnasavari
Vasundhara
Jetsun dolma
Dolma Sermo
Dolma Karmo
Drolma
Sgrolma
Sgrol-dkar
Norgyuma
Ritro Loma Chen
Jigjema
Shen.gyi.mi.tub.ma
Shen.le Nam.par Gyel.ma
Tarani Bosatsu
Mother of Perfected Wisdom
Mother of the Buddhas
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