CHICOMECOATL (pronounced chee-co-muh-CO-ahtl) is the Aztec Goddess of ripe corn. As Xilonen is the Goddess of the young corn (the maiden aspect), Chicomecoatl is the mother aspect of the corn Goddess. She is also the Goddess of sustenance, as the ripening of the corn was a time of great feasts. She holds both ripe corn and a spear in her hands. As with many Aztec deities, Chicomecoatl was worshipped with a human sacrifice. Every September during a celebration called "ochpaniztli", a maiden was dressed as the Goddess and ritually sacrificed. The priests collected her blood to anoint a statue of the Goddess with it, giving her life. One of the prayers used shows that this was a sign of thanks to Chicomecoatl for a good harvest:
Goddess of the Seven Cobs
Rise, Awake, for you, Our Mother,
are leaving us now, Going back to your
home Tlalocan, the country of rains.
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NO GROUP OF STARS KNOWN TO ASTRONOMY HAS EXCITED SUCH UNIVERSAL ATTENTION AS THIS LITTLE CLUSTER OF STARS KNOWN AS THE "PLEAIDES". MIGHTY NATIONS HAVE WORSHIPPED THEM, AND GREAT TEMPLES HAVE BEEN BUILT IN THEIR HONOR. AND, ONE OF THE MOST STRIKING ILLUSTRATIONS OF GODDESS LORE AND EVIDENCE OF ITS ORIGIN IN HUMAN HISTORY IS THE STORY OF THE "SEVEN SISTERS". ACCORDING TO MYTHOLOGY, THEY WERE THE SEVEN DAUGHTERS OF ATLAS, THE GIANT WHO BEARS THE WORLD UPON HIS SHOULDERS; THEIR MOTHER WAS THE NYMPH, PLEIONE. THE STORY IS, THAT THESE SEVEN MAIDENS (THE SEVEN STARS OF PLEIADES), TOGETHER WITH THEIR SISTERS, THE HYADES, WERE TRANSFORMED INTO STARTS ON ACCOUNT OF THEIR AMIABLE VIRTUES AND MUTUAL AFFECTION.
THOSE THE SEVEN NAMES THEY BEAR;ALCYONE AND MEROPE, CELAENO,TAYGETA, AND STEROPE, ELECTRAAND QUIETLY MAIA, SMALL ALIKE AND FAINT,BUT BY THE WILL OF JOVE ILLUSTRIOUS LLAT MORN AND EVENING, SINCE HE MAKES THEM MARKSUMMER AND WINTER, HARVESTING AND SEED TIME.--ARATOS--
ONE MYTH CONCERNING THE PLEIADES RELATE THAT THEY WERE SO BEAUTIFUL IN APPEARANCE THAT ORION UNCEASINGLY PURSUED THEM, MUCH TO THEIR DISCOMFORT. THEY APPEALED TO JUPITER FOR ASSISTANCE, AND HE, PITYING THEM, CHANGED THEM INTO DOVES. THEREUPON THEY FLEW INTO THE SKY AND FOUND A REFUGE AMONG THE STARS.
ONE OF THE SEVEN STARS IN THIS CLUSTER IS NOT AS BRILLIANT AS THE OTHERS, AND THIS STAR, THE GREEKS CALLED THE" LOST PLEIAD. "THE TRADITION THAT ONE OF THE STARS IN THIS GROUP HAS BEEN LOST OR HAS GROWN DIM IS A VERY ANCIENT TALE WHICH HAS BEEN ALMOST UNIVERSALLY FOUND. AS TO WHICH OF THE SEVEN SISTERS DISAPPEARED, MYTHOLOGY IS UNCERTAIN, BUT THERE IS LITTLE DOUBT THAT ORIGINALLY ONE OF THESE STRS WAS BRIGHTER THAN IT NOW APPEARS.
"ALCYONE", (THE QUEEN WHO WARDS OFF EVIL) THE BRIGHTEST OF THE PLEIADES, REPRESENTS IN THE SKY THE ATLANTID NYMPH WHO BECAME THE MOTHER OF HYRIEUS BY POSEIDON. SHE IS SOMETIMES CALLED "THE LIGHT OF THE PLEIADES" AND IS FAMOUS FOR LOCATING THE CENTER OF THE UNIVERSE, THE POINT ABOUT WHICH THE STARRY HEAVENS REVOLVED.
"BEYOND THE MOONS THAT BEAM, THE SUNS THAT BLAZE,"PAST FIELDS OF ETHER, CRIMSON, VIOLET, ROSE,"THE VAST STAR GARDEN OF ETERNITY,"BEHOLD! IT SHINES WITH WHITE, IMMACULATE RAYS,"THE HOME OF PEACE, THE HAVEN OF REPOSE,"THE LOTUS FLOWER OF HEAVEN, ALCYONE."--FRANCIS MACE-- "
THE STAR, "MAIA, "(GRANDMOTHER, MOTHER, THE GREAT ONE) REPRESENTS THE OLDEST AND MOST BEAUTIFUL OF THE SISTERS, AND SOME HAVE SAID THAT SHE IS, IN FACT, THE BRIGHTEST OF THE GROUP. MAIA MARRIED JUPITER AND BECAME THE MOTHER OF MERCURY.
"FAREWELL, DELIGHTFUL BOY,"OF JOVE AND MAIA SPRUNG--NEVER BY ME"NOR THOU, NOR OTHER SONGS, SHALL UNREMEMBERED BE."--SHELLEY-- ELECTRA "(SHINING) WAS THE MOTHER OF DARDANUS, THE FOUNDER OF TROY. AGHAST AT THE FALL OF TROY, SHE FLED FROM HER SISTERS THAT SHE MIGHT NOT BE OBLIGED TO GAZE ON THE DESTRUCTION OF THE CITY SO PRECIOUS IN HER SIGHT. ACCORDING TO ANOTHER STORY, SHE VEILED HER FACE SO THAT SHE COULD NOT SEE THE CITY'S FALL. SOME SAY SHE IS THE "LOST PLEIAD" WHO COULD NOT BEAR THE LOSS OF TROY.
"MEROPE" (ELOQUENT) MADE THE MISTAKE OF MARRYING BENEATH HER. WHILE HER SISTERS HAD CHOSEN GODS FOR HUSBANDS WHEREAS SHE SELECTED A MORTAL, THE KING OF CORINTH. SHE SUBSEQUENTLY REPENTED HER CHOICE AND HID HER FACE IN SHAME. MANY CLAIM THAT SHE IS THE "LOST PLEIAD" WHO, FEELING DISGRACED, WITHDREW FROM THE COMPANY OF HER SISTERS. "TAYGETA "(LONG-NECKED) WAS THE PATRON GODDESS OF SPARTA, SINCE HER SON IS THE ONE WHO HAD FOUNDED THAT STATE.
"CALAENO "(SWARTHY) IS SAID TO HAVE BEEN STRUCK BY LIGHTENING. SOME SAY THAT SHE IS THE "LOST PLEIAD "AND THAT, AFTER BEING STRUCK BY THE LIGHTNING, SHE WAS REMOVED AND PLACED INTO THE TAIL OF THE GREAT BEAR.
"STEROPE, "(LIGHTNING, TWINKLING) IT IS SAID, MARRIED CENOMAUS; THEIR OFFSPRING WAS HIPPODAIMA, A BEAUTIFUL MAIDEN. WAS SHE THE LOST PLEIAD?
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THE HARPYIAI are the Greek Goddesses of storm winds. They are the daughters of the Titan Thaumas, a sea God, and the Okeanid Elektra, and sisters of Iris, Goddess of rainbows. While the Harpyiai (or Harpies, as they are more commonly called) were originally depicted as being beautiful women with wings, later authors turned them into monsters with huge talons that they used to carry people away. Just as their sister Iris was the messenger of Zeus, the Harpyiai were referred to as the Hounds of Zeus. In one myth, Zeus used them to torment King Phineus of Thrace, who had received the gift of prophecy from Apollo but used it to tell people of the Gods' plans. Zeus blinded Phineus, and then sent the Harpyiai to snatch away his food whenever it was put in front of him. They were eventually driven off by two of the Boreades, sons of Boreas, God of the north wind.
Ancient authors disagreed about the number of the Harpyiai, listing either two or three. AELLO ("storm") was also known as AELLOPOS or AELLOPUS ("storm-footed"), as well as being called NIKOTHOE or NICOTHOE ("running victory"). OKYPETE or OCYPETE ("swift-winged") was also called OKYPODE or OCYPODE ("swift-footed") and OKYTHOE or OCYTHOE ("swift-running"). KELAINO or CELAENO ("black one") was also called PODARKE or PODARCE ("fleet-footed") or PODARGE ("flash-footed")--she was the mother by Zephyros, God of the west wind, of Balios and Xanthos, the immortal horses of Akhilleus. Aside from the name Harpyiai itself, which means "snatchers," the sisters were also known as the THUELLAI ("hurricanes") or the AELLA ("storm winds").
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"KHON-MA" IS AN ANCIENT GODDESS OF TIBET. SHE WAS THE "ANCIENT MOTHER "WHOSE NAME MEANS "LUCK" OR "FORTUNE". SHE IS A KIND OF "HECATE" FIGURE, A GHOSTLY QUEEN WHO RODE ON THE BACK OF A LARGE RAM THROUGHOUT THE NIGHT. SHE IS CLOTHED IN ROBES OF YELLOW AND CARRIES A GOLDEN NOOSE. BUDDHISTS SAY THAT IT IS SHE WHO RULES OVER ALL OF THE ELEMENTS. SHE MUST BE PROPITIATED IN COMPLICATED WAYS TO ENSURE PROTECTION OF THE HOUSEHOLD.
CERTAIN SUPERSTITIOUS PRACTICES RELATING TO "KHON MA" SUGGEST JUST HOW ANCIENT SHE REALLY IS. THE TIBETANS, WHO FEAR EARTH DEMONS, BELIEVE THAT SHE HAS DOMINION OVER ALL OF THE SPIRITS OF EARTH, AND TO GUARD AGAINST THEIR INFLUENCE, A RAM'S SKULL IS HUNG FROM THE DOORPOST OF A DWELLING AND FILLED WITH OFFERINGS SUCH AS A VARIETY OF SMALL PRECIOUS OBJECTS AS WELL AS SOME DRY FOOD, SUCH AS RICE, WHEAT, AND PULSE, AND FINALLY IMAGES OR PICTURES OF A MAN, A WOMAN, AND A HOUSE. THE OBJECT OF THESE FIGURES IS TO DECEIVE THE DEMONS SHOULD THEY STILL COME IN SPITE OF THIS OFFERING, AND TO MISLEAD THEM INTO THE BELIEF THAT THE PICTURES ARE THE RESIDENTS OF THE HOUSEHOLD SO THAT THE EVIL ONES WRECK HAVOC ON THESE BITS OF WOOD, THUS SAVING THE REAL HUMAN OCCUPANTS. WHEN ALL IS READY, A PRIEST PRAYS TO "OLD MOTHER KHON-MA "THAT SHE WOULD BE PLEASED TO ACCEPT THESE DAINTY OFFERINGS AND TO CLOSE THE DOORS OF THE EARTH SO THAT THE DEMONS ARE UNABLE TO COME FORTH.
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