Enyalius or Enyalio in Greek mythology is generally a byname of Ares the god of war but in Mycenaean times is differentiated as a separate deity. On the Linear B Knossos Tablet KN V 52 the name E-nu-wa-ri-jo is interpreted to refer to this same Enyalios. Enyalios is mentioned nine times in Homer's Iliad and in four of them it is in the same formula describing Meriones who is one of the leaders of warriors from Crete. Homer calls Ares 'Enyalios' in Iliad book xx, A scholiast on Homer declares that the poet Alcman sometimes identified Ares with Enyalius and sometimes differentiated him, and that Enyalius was sometimes made the son of Ares by Enyo and sometimes the son of Cronus and Rhea. Ares and Enyalius are possibly differentiated in Aristophanes' comedy Peace. Aristophanes (in Peace), envisages Ares and Enyalios as separate gods of war. In Argonautica book II, part xiv, Jason sets the chthonic earthborn warriors fighting among themselves by hurling a boulder in their midst: 'But Jason called to mind the counsels of Medea full of craft, and seized from the plain a huge round boulder, a terrible quoit of Ares Enyalius; four stalwart youths could not have raised it from the ground even a little. ' The urbane Alexandrian author gives his old tale a touch of appropriate Homeric antiquity by using such an ancient epithet. Plutarch, in Moralia (2nd century), tells of the bravery of the women of Argos, in the 5th century BC, who repulsed the attacks of kings of Sparta. The survivors erected a temple to Ares Enyalius by the road where they fell: 'After the city was saved, they buried the women who had fallen in battle by the Argive road, and as a memorial to the achievements of the women who were spared they dedicated a temple to Ares Enyalius... Up to the present day they celebrate the Festival of Impudence (Hybristika) on the anniversary [of the battle], putting the women into men's tunics and cloaks and the men in women's dresses and head-coverings. ' http://www. stoa. org/diotima/anthology/wlgr/wlgr-publiclife160. shtml According to Pausanias (3.15.7) the Lacedaemonians believed that by chaining up Enyalius they would prevent the god from deserting Sparta. Pausanias also mentions at 3.14.9 and 3.20.2 that puppies were sacrificed to Enyalius in Sparta. Polybius' history renders the Roman god Mars by Greek Ares but the Roman god Quirinus by Enyalius, and the same identifications are made by later writers such as Dionysius of Halicarnassus, perhaps only because it made sense that a Roman god who was sometimes confounded with Mars and sometimes differentiated should be represented in Greek by a name that was similarly sometimes equated with Ares (who definitely corresponded with Mars) and was sometimes differentiated. Josephus in his Antiquities 4, (3)[115 115] states after telling the story of the Tower of Babel: But as to the plan of Shinar, in the country of Babylonia, Hestiaeus mentions it, when he says thus: "Such of the priests as were saved, took the sacred vessels of Zeus Enyalius, and came to Shinar of Babylonia."
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"DODOLA "(TO GIVE MILK) IS A SLAVIC CLOUD AND RAIN GODDESS FROM THE OLD SLAVIC MYTHOLOGY. SHE RULED OVER THE WATERS AND THE RAIN...WHICH WAS THOUGHT TO BE A FORM OF DIVINE MILK. IT IS SAID THAT EACH SPRING SHE FLIES OVER THE FIELDS AND SPREADS GREENERY WHILE DECORATING THE TREES WITH BLOSSOMS. SHE IS THE WIFE OF THE THUNDERBOLT GOD, PERUN.
THE SLAVS BELIEVED THAT WHEN DODOLA MILKS HER HEAVENLY COWS (THE CLOUDS), IT RAINS HERE ON THE EARTH. THAT IS WHY IN TIMES OF DROUGHT, THE SLAVS ORGANIZED A FESTIVAL WHERE THEY WORSHIPPED THE GODDESS AND PRAYED TO HER FOR THE MUCH-NEEDED RAIN. IN SEVERAL EASTERN AND SOUTHEASTERN AREAS OF THE BALKANS, THIS RAIN-MAKING RITUAL IS STILL PRACTICED TODAY, WHILE IT HAS DIED OUT IN MOST OF THE OTHER AREAS. THE RITUAL, OUTLINED BELOW, WAS THOUGHT TO CONVINCE THE HEAVENLY WOMEN TO RAIN UPON THE EARTH.
AT TIMES OF DROUGHT, YOUNG LOCAL GIRLS (SOME SAY ONLY ONE GIRL) WOULD UNDRESS AND THEN CLOTHE THEMSELVES FROM HEAD TO FOOT WITH VARIOUS COMBINATIONS OF LEAVES, FLOWERS, HERBS, AND BLOSSOMS TO PERFORM THIS RAINMAKING RITUAL. THE GIRLS WERE THEN LED BY AN OLDER GIRL OR A WOMAN, WHO WAS DRESSED THE SAME WAY, IN A PROCESSION THROUGH THEIR VILLAGE. THEY USUALLY STOPPED IN FRONT OF EACH HOUSE TO DANCE AND SING SONGS. ONE OF THE SONGS THEY SING GOES LIKE THIS...
"WE GO THROUGH THE VILLAGE;"THE CLOUDS GO IN THE SKY;"WE GO FAST;"FASTER THAN THE CLOUDS;"THEY HAVE OVERTAKEN US;"AND WETTED THE CORN AND THE VINE. "
THE HOUSEWIVES WHEN THEN COME OUT AND DOUSE THE LEADER OF THE GROUP WITH WATER WHILE THE GIRL/WOMEN SPINS AROUND; SOMETIMES THE GIRLS THEMSELVES WOULD SPRINKLE WATER OVER THE COURTYARD USING SPRIGS AND LEAVES. THE GIRLS WERE THEN REWARDED WITH GIFTS OF FLOUR, FOOD, AND SOMETIMES EVEN A LITTLE MONEY.
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INDRAJA (pronounced in-DRAW-ya) is the Lithuanian Goddess of the planet Jupiter. She is one of the daughters of Saule, Goddess of the sun. Indraja was originally a water spirit, and she was meant to marry Perkunas, God of thunder, on a Thursday (the day ruled by Jupiter). When the other water spirits took her away from the wedding, she was instead turned into the planet Jupiter. Indraja's name means "water witch."
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'Eriu (modern Irish 'Eire), daughter of Ernmas of the Tuatha D'e Danann, was the eponymous matron goddess of Ireland. Her husband was Mac Gr'eine ('Son of the Sun'). The English name for Ireland comes from the name 'Eriu and the Germanic word land. The fact that 'Eriu is represented as goddess of Ireland, she is often interpreted as a modern day personification of Ireland, although since the name "'Eriu" is the older Irish form of the word Ireland, her modern name is often modified to "'Eire" or "Erin" to suit a modern form.
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